Sometimes we think something is true when it is not. It is loosely coupled to the truth and over time - if you are not careful it can be accepted as the truth over the actual truth. And that is the case with the 3 Wise Men. For reference, this is what the Bible says.
Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, saying, “Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him." - Matthew 2:1-2
When they saw the star, they rejoiced with exceedingly great joy. And when they had come into the house, they saw the young Child with Mary His mother, and fell down and worshiped Him. And when they had opened their treasures, they presented gifts to Him: gold, frankincense, and myrrh. - Matthew 2:10-11
We have ceramic figures on our fireplace mantle depicting the baby Jesus in a manger. Pretty standard display. Mary, Joseph, the baby Jesus, Shepherds, 3 Wise Men (Some translations refer to them as Magi), a donkey and a camel. Looks great on the fire place but the thing is - it is not Biblically accurate. I suppose you might think of it as the Reader's Digest version of the Christmas Story.
The word Magi refers to the priests in Zoroastrianism (pronounced : zuh-rah-STRI-uhn-izum), it is one of the world's oldest monotheistic (one god) religions, founded by the prophet Zoroaster in ancient Persia around the 6th century BCE [BCE stands for "Before Common Era which is the politically correct version of BC - Before Christ]. That faith system emphasizes the struggle between good and evil, with the supreme god Ahura Mazda representing good. - My point is, if that is so then the wise men were probably not followers of Jehovah God. But that is not known to be fact either.
That also suggests that there is a good chance that they were not kings - recall We Three Kings Of Orient Are.
When did they visit? (when they had come into the house)
The visit of the wise men occurred after Jesus was born, not on the night of his birth. They likely arrived when Jesus was a toddler, living in a house in Bethlehem.
So - my ceramic figures represent shepherds who visited on the night of his birth and wise men who visited probably more than a year later. After Mary and Joseph had moved into a house.
Common Misconceptions
Number of Wise Men: The Bible does not specify how many Wise Men there were; the assumption of three comes from the three gifts. They would have traveled about 6 months to get to Bethlehem and most likely would not have traveled alone.
Names of the Wise Men: Traditionally, they are named Melchior, Balthasar, and Caspar, but these names are not found in the biblical text.
The common Western tradition has identified them as Caspar (also Gaspar, Jaspar, Jaspas, Gathaspa), Melchior (also Melichior), and Balthazar (also Bathasar, Balthassar, Bithisaria). One popular legend has portrayed Caspar as a king of India, Melchior as a king of Persia, and Balthazar as a king of Arabia.
Kings: They are often referred to as kings, but the biblical account describes them as wise men or astrologers.
So what is my point?
My objective is not to throw water on the celebration of the birth of Jesus. My point is that traditions can blur the truth of the Word. We are to be students of the Word of God. To be like the Bereans.
Then the brethren immediately sent Paul and Silas away by night to Berea. When they arrived, they went into the synagogue of the Jews. [The Bereans] were more fair-minded than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness, and searched the Scriptures daily to find out whether these things were so. - Acts 17:10-11
We should not tell stories that are convenient - filling in the blanks - where scripture does not provide details. Over time - people cannot discern what is in the Bible and what has been fabricated by man and accepted as Biblical.
Be diligent to present yourself approved to God, a worker who does not need to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth. - 2 Timothy 2:15
So the answer to the question posed by the title of this BLOG post is "We don't know their names and we don't know how many there were." But don't get rid of your manger scenes. Just be ready to tell the story the way the Bible tells it.
All Scripture is given by inspiration of God [God breathed], and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness - 2 Timothy 3:16
For unto us a Child is born, Unto us a Son is given; And the government will be upon His shoulder. And His name will be called Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. - Isaiah 9:6
Think about it – Pray about it – Believe it – Walk in it. Rejoice! Let your light shine and give God the glory.
By Faith Alone By His Grace Alone And For His Glory Alone